Protein energy malnutrition (PEM)

It is a type of pathological conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein or energy in varying proportions.  The condition may be mild, moderate or severe depending on the stage of nutrition provided to the child.  It commonly includes deficiencies of many micronutrients. PEU can be sudden and total (starvation) or gradual. Severity ranges from subclinical deficiencies to obvious wasting to starvation.

It affects the child at the most crucial period of time of development, which can lead to permanent impairment in later life.  It is a major public health problem in India. It affects particularly the preschool children with its direct consequences ranging from physical to cognitive growth and susceptibility to infection.  Diagnosis usually involves laboratory testing, including serum albumin. Treatment consists of correcting fluid and then gradually replenishing nutrients.

Related Societies and Associations: Asian Pacific Pediatric Association, The Malaysian Pediatric Association, Asia-Pacific Association of Pediatric Urologists, Society for Pediatric Research, American Medical Association, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Taiwan Pediatric Association, Asia-Pacific Paediatric Cardiac Society, Asia Pacific Association of Pediatrc Allergy, The Japanese Society of Child Neurology, Japanese Society of Emergency Pediatrics, Chinese Pediatric Society, Indian Academia of Pediatrics(IAP). European Pediatric Association, European Society for Pediatric Dermatology, European Society of Cardiology, European Society for Developmental Perinatal and Pediatric Pharmacology, European Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery,  International Society for Social Pediatrics and Child Health. American Academy of Pediatrics, Society for Pediatric Research, Texas Medical Association, American Pediatric Society Texas City.

Related and Related Conferences: Pediatrics Conferences 2020 | Pediatrics Summit 2020| Pediatric Healthcare Conferences | Global Pediatric Cardiology Conferences | Pediatric Nutrition Events | Clinical Pediatrics Conference| 24th World Nutrition and Pediatrics Healthcare Conference April 29-30, 2020 Dubai, UAE; 19th World Congress on Clinical Pediatrics April 27-28, 2020 Prague, Czech Republic; 23rdGlobal Summit on Pediatrics, Neonatology & Primary Care June 12-13, 2020 Istanbul, Turkey; 32nd European Pediatrics Congress July 22-23, 2020 Florence, Italy; 29th International Conference on Pediatrics Health July 27-28, 2020 Zurich, Switzerland.

 

  • Marasmus is characterised by wasting of body tissues, particularly muscles and subcutaneous fat, and is usually a result of severe restrictions in energy intake.
  • Kwashiokor affects mainly children, is characterised by oedema (particularly ascites), and is usually the result of severe restrictions in protein intake. However, both types can be present simultaneously and mask malnutrition due to the presence of oede

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